Category: Ideologies

Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2008 im Fachbereich Politik - Politische Theorie und Ideengeschichte, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Sprache: Deutsch, summary: Mit seiner „Theorie der Gerechtigkeit“ gelang John Rawls 1971 ein bedeutendes Werk der politischen Philosophie. Diese „argumentativ dichteste und elaborierteste Theorie der politischen und sozioökonomischen Gerechtigkeit“ wird von der Fachwelt der politischen Philosophie oftmals in einem Atemzug mit den Werken von Aristoteles, Hobbes, Rousseau und Kant genannt und ist eines der wohl meist untersuchten Werke der politischen Theorie und Ideengeschichte überhaupt.
Rawls kreierte eine interdisziplinäre Theorie, die die Felder der praktischen Philosophie über die Moral-, Rechts- und Sozialphilosophie bis hin zu den Wirtschaftswissenschaften umspannt. Der frühere Harvard Professor sah sein Werk dabei als Gegensatz zu der bis dato vorherrschenden und dominierenden Strömung der politischen Philosophie des angloamerikanischen Raums: Dem Utilitarismus.
In der hier vorliegenden Arbeit soll eine Darstellung des Utilitarismus sowie eine Erläuterung der wesentlichen Kritikpunkte von Rawls Theorie der Gerechtigkeit an eben jenem versucht werden. Die Darstellung des Utilitarismus wird vorangestellt, ehe die zentralen Kritikpunkte vorgetragen werden. Als Leitthese dient die Annahme, dass, obwohl Rawls sein Werk als Gegenstück und Widerspruch gegen den Utilitarismus sah , es dennoch einige nicht unwesentliche Gemeinsamkeiten in beiden Ansätzen gibt.

via now, we've got all heard in regards to the stunning redistribution of wealth that is happened over the last thirty years, and especially over the last decade. yet monetary adjustments like this do not ensue in a vacuum; they are continuously associated with politics. The Twilight of Equality?searches out those hyperlinks via an research of the politics of the Nineteen Nineties, the last decade whilst neoliberalism-free industry economics-became gospel. After a super historic exam of ways racial and gender inequities have been woven into the very theoretical underpinnings of the neoliberal version of the kingdom, Duggan indicates how those inequities play out at the present time. In a sequence of political case reviews, Duggan unearths how neoliberal targets were pursued, demonstrating that revolutionary arguments that separate identification politics and fiscal coverage, cultural politics and political views, can basically fail. Ultimately,The Twilight of Equality? not purely finds how the hugely profitable rhetorical maneuvers of neoliberalism have functioned yet, extra importantly, it exhibits the way to revitalize and unify revolutionary politics within the U.S. today.

The expanding importance and visibility of relationships among faith and public arenas and associations following the autumn of communism in Europe give you the center concentration of this attention-grabbing e-book. top overseas students contemplate the spiritual and political position of Christian Orthodoxy within the Russian Federation, Romania, Georgia and Ukraine along the revival of outdated, indigenous religions, sometimes called 'shamanistic' and examine how, regardless of Islam’s lengthy heritage and plenty of adherents within the south, Islamophobic attitudes have more and more been further to standard anti-Semitic, anti-Western or anti-liberal components of Russian nationalism. Contrasts among the church’s place within the post-communist country development technique of secular Estonia with its position in predominantly Catholic Poland also are explored. faith, Politics and Nation-Building in Post-Communist international locations provides a huge assessment of the political significance of faith within the Post-Soviet house yet its curiosity and relevance extends some distance past the geographical concentration, delivering examples of the demanding situations within the spheres of public, non secular and social coverage for all transitional countries.

Executive orders and proclamations have the funds for presidents an self sustaining technique of controlling quite a lot of actions within the federal government—yet they don't seem to be pointed out within the U.S. structure. actually, the debatable edicts referred to as common presidential directives appear to violate the separation of powers via permitting the commander-in-chief to circumvent Congress and enact his personal coverage personal tastes. As Clinton White apartment counsel Paul Begala remarked at the quite a few government orders signed through the president in the course of his moment time period: "Stroke of the pen. legislation of the land. Kinda cool."

Although public knowledge of unilateral presidential directives has been starting to be during the last decade—sparked partly through Barack Obama's use of government orders and presidential memoranda to opposite a lot of his predecessor's regulations in addition to by means of the variety of unilateral directives George W. Bush promulgated for the "War on Terror"—Graham G. Dodds reminds us that not just has each president issued government orders, such orders have figured in lots of of the main major episodes in American political background. In Take Up Your Pen, Dodds deals one of many first old remedies of this govt prerogative and explores the resource of this authority; how government orders have been legitimized, permitted, and routinized; and what effect presidential directives have had on our knowing of the presidency, American politics, and political improvement. by means of tracing the increase of a extra activist vital government—first complicated within the revolutionary period by way of Theodore Roosevelt—Dodds illustrates the turning out to be use of those directives all through a succession of presidencies. extra vital, Take Up Your Pen questions how unilateral presidential directives healthy the notion of democracy and the desires of yankee citizens.

Departing from the standard emphasis on an city and business context for the increase of socialism, Socialism in Provence 1871-1914 deals as an alternative a reinterpretation of the early years of Marxist socialism in France one of the peasantry. via targeting a constrained interval and a specific quarter, Judt offers an account either one of the nature of political habit within the nation-state and of the background of left-wing politics in France.

Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2002 im Fachbereich Politik - Politische Theorie und Ideengeschichte, be aware: 1,7, Universität Osnabrück (Fachbereich Sozialwissenschaften), Veranstaltung: Herausbildung und Entwicklung des ökonomischen und politischen Liberalismus, Sprache: Deutsch, summary: Die Arbeit legt einen Großteil der Ideen von Adam Smith dar, beschreibt seine Auffassung des Menschenbildes, der Forderung des „Laissez-Faire“ und der Rolle des Staates in der Gesellschaft. Darüber hinaus analysiert sie die einzelnen Aspekte kritisch auf logischen Zusammenhang und soziale Verträglichkeit.

Hat Smith in allen Punkten weit genug gedacht? Ergibt sein Gesellschaftsbild einen sinnvollen Zusammenhang?
Unter Zuhilfenahme von Sekundärliteratur anerkannter Wissenschaftler, versucht die Arbeit diese Fragen zu beantworten und ein umfassendes Bild von Smith' Theorien wiederzugeben.

This ebook, now on hand in paperback, traces the foremost evolutions within the improvement of the concept that of human defense, some of the definitions and evaluations, the way it pertains to different techniques, and what it implies for polities, politics, and coverage.

Human defense is a vital topic for the entire international, specifically Asia, because it bargains with interactions between fields of social switch, resembling improvement, clash solution, human rights, and humanitarian information. In a globalizing global, during which threats develop into trans-national and states lose strength, safeguard can not be studied in a one-dimensional type.

Written by way of authors who're specialists during this box and with case stories from various areas (Afghanistan, critical Asia and South Asia) offered all through, this ebook - now on hand in paperback - contributes to this new multidimensional belief of protection, analyzes its strengths and weaknesses, and specializes in its implications for research and motion.

 

With racial justice struggles at the upward push, a probing assortment considers the prior and way forward for Black radicalism

Black uprising has back, with dramatic protests in ratings of towns and campuses, bringing with it a renewed engagement with the historical past of Black radical activities and proposal. right here, key scholarly voices from a big selection of disciplines recollects the robust culture of Black radicalism because it constructed within the 19th and 20th centuries whereas defining new instructions for Black radical thought.

In a time while activists in Ferguson, Palestine, Baltimore, and Hong Kong instantly make connections among their events, this publication makes transparent that new Black radical politics are completely internationalist and redraws the hyperlinks among Black resistance and anti-capitalism. that includes the foremost voices within the new highbrow wave of Black radical considering, this assortment outlines probably the most brilliant components of idea today.

With contributions from Cedric Robinson, Elizabeth Robinson, Steven Osuna, Nikhil good friend Singh, Damien Sojoyner, Françoise Vergès, Fred Moten, Stefano Harney, Jordan T. Camp, Christina Heatherton, George Lipsitz, Greg Burris, Paul Ortiz, Darryl C. Thomas, Avery Gordon, Shana L. Redmond, Kwame M. Phillips, Ruth Wilson Gilmore, Angela Davis, and Robin D. G. Kelley.